Semax patr\u00ed medzi najzn\u00e1mej\u0161ie peptidy v oblasti v\u00fdskumu nootrop\u00edk a neuroprotekcie. M\u00e1lokto v\u0161ak vie, \u017ee jeho p\u00f4vod siaha do moskovsk\u00fdch laborat\u00f3ri\u00ed spred viac ne\u017e troch desa\u0165ro\u010d\u00ed. V tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku sa pozrieme na to, kde a ako Semax vznikol \u2014 \u010disto z historick\u00e9ho a vedeck\u00e9ho h\u013eadiska.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Semax vznikol v 80. rokoch 20. storo\u010dia na \u00dastave molekul\u00e1rnej genetiky Ruskej akad\u00e9mie vied (Institute of Molecular Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences) v Moskve. Na jeho v\u00fdvoji st\u00e1l t\u00edm vedcov, ktor\u00fd viedli akademik Nikolaj Mjasoedov (Nikolai Myasoedov) a fyziol\u00f3g Isaak A\u0161marin (Isaak Ashmarin). Prv\u00fdkr\u00e1t bol Semax op\u00edsan\u00fd v odbornej literat\u00fare v roku 1991.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Vedci vych\u00e1dzali z fragmentu adrenokortikotropn\u00e9ho horm\u00f3nu (ACTH), konkr\u00e9tne z \u00faseku ACTH(4\u201310). Tento kr\u00e1tky peptid vykazoval zauj\u00edmav\u00e9 neurotropn\u00e9 vlastnosti, no v tele sa ve\u013emi r\u00fdchlo rozkladal. Rie\u0161en\u00edm bolo pridanie stabilizuj\u00facej trojice aminokysel\u00edn \u2014 Pro-Gly-Pro \u2014 na koniec molekuly. V\u00fdsledkom bol heptapeptid so sekvenciou Met-Glu-His-Phe-Pro-Gly-Pro (MEHFPGP), ktor\u00fd bol podstatne stabilnej\u0161\u00ed a odolnej\u0161\u00ed vo\u010di rozkladu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Pr\u00e1ve s po\u010dtom aminokysel\u00edn s\u00favis\u00ed aj jeho n\u00e1zov: \u201eSemax“ je odvoden\u00fd z rusk\u00e9ho spojenia pre \u201esedem aminokysel\u00edn“ (rus. sem<\/em> = sedem), ke\u010f\u017ee molekula sa sklad\u00e1 zo siedmich aminokysel\u00edn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Po prvom opise v roku 1991 nasledovala v Rusku registr\u00e1cia Semaxu ako lie\u010diva v roku 1994. Od 7. decembra 2011 je zaraden\u00fd na ruskom Zozname \u017eivotne d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fdch a nevyhnutn\u00fdch liekov. V Rusku sa sk\u00famal v s\u00favislosti s cievnou mozgovou pr\u00edhodou, prechodnou isch\u00e9miou a poruchami pam\u00e4ti a kogn\u00edcie. Mimo Ruska v\u0161ak Semax nebol schv\u00e1len\u00fd ani registrovan\u00fd \u2014 v USA napr\u00edklad nem\u00e1 schv\u00e1lenie \u00faradu FDA.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Presn\u00fd mechanizmus \u00fa\u010dinku Semaxu st\u00e1le nie je \u00faplne objasnen\u00fd. V\u00fdskum nazna\u010duje, \u017ee m\u00f4\u017ee p\u00f4sobi\u0165 na melanokort\u00ednov\u00e9 receptory a ovplyv\u0148ova\u0165 enz\u00fdmy, ktor\u00e9 rozkladaj\u00fa endog\u00e9nne peptidy. V zvierac\u00edch \u0161t\u00fadi\u00e1ch Semax zvy\u0161oval hladinu neurotrofick\u00e9ho faktora BDNF a jeho receptora TrkB v hipokampe. Tieto zistenia zost\u00e1vaj\u00fa predmetom \u010fal\u0161ieho laborat\u00f3rneho a predklinick\u00e9ho v\u00fdskumu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Pr\u00edbeh Semaxu je uk\u00e1\u017ekou toho, ako z v\u00fdskumu hormon\u00e1lnych fragmentov m\u00f4\u017ee vznikn\u00fa\u0165 stabiln\u00e1 molekula so zauj\u00edmav\u00fdm vedeck\u00fdm potenci\u00e1lom. Pr\u00e1ve preto zost\u00e1va Semax dodnes predmetom akt\u00edvneho v\u00fdskumu a jedn\u00fdm z najsk\u00famanej\u0161\u00edch peptidov svojho druhu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Upozornenie: Tento \u010dl\u00e1nok m\u00e1 v\u00fdhradne informa\u010dn\u00fd a historicko-vedeck\u00fd charakter. V\u0161etky peptidy a produkty uv\u00e1dzan\u00e9 na tejto str\u00e1nke s\u00fa ur\u010den\u00e9 v\u00fdlu\u010dne na v\u00fdskumn\u00e9 a laborat\u00f3rne \u00fa\u010dely (research use only) a nie s\u00fa ur\u010den\u00e9 na pou\u017eitie u \u013eud\u00ed ani zvierat, ani na diagnostiku, lie\u010dbu \u010di prevenciu ak\u00fdchko\u013evek ochoren\u00ed.<\/em><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Semax patr\u00ed medzi najzn\u00e1mej\u0161ie peptidy v oblasti v\u00fdskumu nootrop\u00edk a neuroprotekcie. M\u00e1lokto v\u0161ak vie, \u017ee jeho p\u00f4vod siaha do moskovsk\u00fdch laborat\u00f3ri\u00ed spred viac ne\u017e troch desa\u0165ro\u010d\u00ed. V tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku sa pozrieme na to, kde a ako Semax vznikol \u2014 \u010disto z historick\u00e9ho a vedeck\u00e9ho h\u013eadiska. Zrod v moskovskom laborat\u00f3riu Semax vznikol v 80. rokoch 20. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":true,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[76],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1121","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-blog"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/doktorpeptid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1121","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/doktorpeptid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/doktorpeptid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/doktorpeptid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/doktorpeptid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1121"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/doktorpeptid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1121\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1123,"href":"https:\/\/doktorpeptid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1121\/revisions\/1123"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/doktorpeptid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1121"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/doktorpeptid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1121"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/doktorpeptid.sk\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1121"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}M\u00ed\u013eniky v\u00fdvoja<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\u010co sk\u00fama veda dnes<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Zhrnutie<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
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